Study of Sentance pattern

What is syntax?

In linguistics, syntax or grammar is the science of the principles and rules for constructing sentences in natural languages.  In addition to these rules, the word syntax is also used to refer directly to the rules and principles that cover sentence structure in any language, such as "Modern Irish syntax."

"Syntax skills help us understand how sentences work—the meanings behind word order, structure, and punctuation. By providing support for developing syntax skills, we can help readers understand increasingly complex texts"

There are two parts of a sentence that are very important in analyzing syntax, namely, phrases and clauses.

A. Phrases

A phrase is a group of words that form a grammatical unit. Phrase (phrase) is divided into several, namely;

1. Noun Phrase (Noun Phrase)

Noun phrases are phrases derived from nouns that function as the subject or object of a sentence.

Example: The   doctor

                 (det)  (noun)

                A      beautiful       girl

             (det)  (adjective)  (noun)

 2.Verb Phrases

Verb phrases are phrases that consist of a combination of auxiliary verbs and verbs.

 Example :

Binar  has     taken    the job.

          (Aux)  (Verbs)

        

He has been   coming    late every day.

         (Aux)       (Verbs)

 

3. Adjective Phrase

Adjective phrases, or adjectives, are phrases derived from adjectives that are used to give properties to nouns (nouns) or pronouns (pronouns).

 Example:

Tony lost his dark brown briefcase.

                             (AdjP)

 4. Adverbial Phrase (Adverb Phrase)

Adverbial phrases are phrases that function as adverbs used to describe verbs.

 Example:

Mika usually gets up early.

          (AdvP)

 5. Prepositional Phrases

 Example:

The book on the bathroom floor is swollen from shower steam

                           (Prep. P)

 B. Clause (Clause)

An independent clause (main clause) is a free clause (independent clause) contained in a compound sentence (complex sentence).

 1. Independent Clause

An independent clause is a clause that has a complete structure and has the potential to become a major sentence.

 2. Bound Clause (Dependent Clause)

A dependent clause is a clause that has an incomplete structure and is usually accompanied by elements of subordinating conjunctions. A dependent clause can also be defined as a clause that cannot stand alone as a perfect sentence but only has potential as an imperfect sentence. Judging from their function, these bound clauses can be distinguished, namely;

• Noun Clause (Noun Clause)

Clauses that act as nouns are marked with the wh-words: how, that, and where.

• Adjective Clause (Adjective Clause)

Bound clauses that act as adjectives are marked by the presence of relative pronouns, namely who, whom, which, whose, and that.

• Adverbial Clause (Adverbial Clause)

A dependent clause that acts as an adverb is marked with a subordinate conjunction.

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